Grapes

SYNOPSIS OF GRAPES.

I. BERRIES ROUND, OR NEARLY SO.

* Black or Purple.

A. Muscats.†

August Muscat

Black Frontignan

Caillaba

Early Black Muscat

July Muscat

Purple Constantia

Sarbelle Muscat

B. Not Muscats. Barbarossa

Bidwill's Seedling Black Corinth Black Damascus Black July Black Muscadine Black St. Peter's Black Sweetwater Dutch Hamburgh Esperione Fraukenthal Miller's Burgundy

** Red, Tawny, or Striped.

A. Muscats.

Catawba

Red Frontignan

Madeira Muscat

B. Not Muscats. Aleppo

Chasselas de Falloux Gromier du Cantal Negropont Chasseless Red Chasselas

*** White, Yellow, or Green.

A. Muscats.

Chasselas Musque Early Saumur Muscat Muscat Ottonel White Frontignan

b. Not Muscats.

Buckland Sweetwater Calabrian Raisin Chaptal

Chasselas Duhamel Chasselas Vibert

Ciotat

Early Chasselas Early Malingre Early White Malvasia Pitmaston White Cluster Prolific Sweetwater Royal Muscadine White Corinth White Nice White Rissling White Sweetwater

† The term "Muscats" includes, besides the true Muscats, the American Grapes, with their peculiar foxy flavour.

II. BERRIES OVAL, OR NEARLY SO.

* Black or Purple.

A. Muscats.

Black Muscat of Alexandria

Isabella

Muscat Hamburgh

B. Not Muscats.

Black Champion Black Cluster Black Hamburgh Black Muscadine

Black Prince

Blussard Noir

Burchardt's Prince

CambridgeBotanic Garden

Gros Maroc

Ischia

Kempsey Alicante

Lady Downe's Seedling

CEillade

Trentham Black

West's St. Peter's

** Red, Tawny, or Striped.

A. Muscats. None

B. Not Muscats. Lombardy

Morocco

Purple Fontainbleau

Schiras

*** White, Yellow, or Green.

A. Muscats.

Bowood Muscat Charlesworth Tokay Canon Hall Muscat Muscat of Alexandria Muscat St. Laurent

B. Not Muscats.

Alexandrian Ciotat Burchardt's Amber Cluster Cornichon Blanc

Early Green Madeira

Golden Hamburgh

Marchioness of Hastings

St. John's

Scotch White duster

Syrian

Trebbiano

Verdelho

White Lisbon

White Romain

White Tokay

Aiga Passera. See Black Corinth.

Aleppo (Striped Muscadine; Variegated Chasselas; Chasselas Panache; Morillon Panache; Raisin d'Alep; Raisin Suisse). - Bunches medium sized, loose, and not shouldered. Berries medium sized, round, of various colours, some being black, others white or red, while some are striped with black, or red and white; sometimes a bunch will be half white and half black; and others are wholly white or wholly black. The flesh is inferior in flavour. The vine succeeds in a warm vinery, but requires the hothouse to bring it to perfection. The leaves are striped with green, red, and yellow.

Alexandrian Ciotat. - Bunches large, long, and loose, with narrow shoulders. Berries oval. Skin thin, pale yellow but becoming of an amber colour as the fruit are highly ripened, and covered with numerous russety dots. Flesh firm and breaking, juicy, and well flavoured. Ripens with the heat of a vinery. A good bearer, but the bunches set badly.

Alexandrian Frontignan. See Muscat of Alexandria.

Alicante. - This is a name given to several varieties of grapes in the south of France and in the Peninsula, but is not applicable to any variety in particular. In the department of Gard, it is applied to Gromier du Cantal. In Andalusia it is the same as the Tiritilla and Tinto of the same vineyards, the Mourvede of Provence, and Mataro of the Eastern Pyrennees. Then the Alicante of Bouehes-des-Rhone vineyards is the Granaxa of Arra-gon, and Granache of Eastern Pyrennees; while, in the neigb bourhood of Alicante, the name is given to two or three different Sorts. In Great Britain, Black Prince and Black St. Peter's are sometimes called Alicante; but a distinct variety from all the above, being sent to me simply under the name of Alicante, I have, to distinguish it, called it Kempsey Alicante, which see.

Alicantweine. See Black Prince, Amber Muscadine. See Royal Muscadine. Ansley's Large Oval. See Morocco. Arkansas. See Catawba. D'Arboyce. See Royal Muscadine.

August Muscat (Muscat d' Aout). - Berries medium sized, round, inclining to oval. Skin deep purple. Flesh very rich and juicy, with a slight Muscat aroma. An early grape, ripening about the end of August. The vine forms a dwarf bush, and on that account is well adapted for pot culture, but it is a delicate grower. It ripens against a wall.

August Traube. See Black July.

Auvergne. See Black Cluster.

Auvernat. See Black Cluster.

Barbarossa (Brizzola; Rossea; Prince Albert). - Bunches twelve to eighteen inches long, shouldered, tapering, and compact Berries round, inclining to oval. Skin tough, but not thick, of a deep black colour, covered with thin bloom. Flesh tender, juicy, and of good flavour, though not rich. A valuable late grape, hanging all the winter; and requires the aid of artificial heat to ripen it. The vine is a bad bearer, except in poor soils.

Barbaroux. See Gromier du Cantal.

Bar-sur-Aube. See Early Chasselas.

Bee d'Oiseau. See Cornichon Blanc.

Bidwill 's Seedling. - This variety, raised at Exeter, has a considerable resemblance to Black Prince, of which it is probably another form. It ripens very well against a wall in the west of England by the end of October.

Black Alicante. See Black Prince.

Black Burgundy. See Black Clutter.

Black Champion (Champion Hamburgh), - Bunches with short, thick stalks, not shouldered, thickly set. Berries large, roundish-oval. Skin thin, black, or dark purple, covered with fine thin bloom. Flesh tender, but somewhat firm, very juicy, rich, and sweet; having rarely any stones, or more than one. This is about a fortnight earlier than Black Hamburgh in the same house, and always colours better and more freely than that variety; the berry is also more oval, and the wood shorter jointed. Ripens in a cool vinery.

Black Cluster (Auvergne; Auvernat; Black Burgundy; Black Morillons Burgundy; Blauer Clavner; Early Black; MorillonNoir; Pineau; Schwarzer Riessling). - Bunches small, very compact, cylindrical, and occasionally shouldered. Berries generally oval, inclining to roundish. Skin thin, blue-black, covered with blue bloom. Flesh juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. Ripens well against a wall in the open air, and is one of the best for this purpose. The bunches are larger than those of Miller's Burgundy. This is one of the varieties most extensively cultivated for wine on the Rhine and the Moselle, and it also furnishes the greater part of the Champagne and Burgundy wines.

Black Constantia. See Purple Constantia.

Black CoRinth (Currant; Corinthe Noir; Passolina

Nera; Aiga Passera; Zante). - Bunches compact, small, and short. Berries small and round, not larger than a pea, with some larger ones interspersed. Skin thin, black, and covered with blue bloom. Flesh juicy, sweet, richly flavoured, and without stones. Requires the heat of a vinery. This variety furnishes the "Currants" of commerce.

Black Damascus (Worksop Manor). - Bunches large and loose. Berries large and round, interspersed with others of small size. Skin thin, but tough, of a deep black colour. Flesh juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. A first-rate late grape, requiring the heat of a hothouse to bring it to perfection.

Black Frontignan (Muscat Noir; Muscat Noir Ordinaire; Sir William Rowley' s Black). - Bunches pretty large, cylindrical, somewhat loose, and occasionally shouldered. Berries small, round, and unequal in size. Skin thin, blue-black, and covered with blue bloom. Flesh firm, red, and juicy, with a rich vinous and musky flavour. Ripens against a wall in favourable situations and in warm seasons; but is generally grown in a vinery.

Black Hamburgh (Hampton Court; Knevett's Black Hamburgh; Red Hamburgh; Warner's Hamburgh; Blauer Trollinger; Maroquin d'Espagne). - Bunches large, broadly shouldered, conical, and well set. Berries roundish-oval. Skin thin, but membranous, deep blue-black, covered with blue bloom. Flesh rather firm, but tender, very juicy, rich, sugary, and highly flavoured.

This highly-popular grape succeeds under every form of vine culture. It ripens against a wall, in favourable situations, in the open air. It succeeds well in a cool vinery; and it is equally well adapted for forcing. The vine is a free bearer; and the fruit will hang, under good management, till January and February.

Black July (Early Black July; July; Madeleine; Madeleine Noir; Morillon Hatif; Raisin Bricoce; De St. Jean; August Traube; Jacob's Traube). - Bunches small and cylindrical. Berries small and round. Skin thick, deep purple, covered with blue bloom. Flesh sweet and juicy, but not highly flavoured. Its chief recommendation is its great earliness, and the facility with which it ripens against a wall in the open air. The flowers are tender, and, consequently, unless grown in a cool vinery, the bunches are loose, and the berries thin; but when protected, the plant produces close, compact bunches, and is an excellent bearer. Although this is the earliest grape, it is not so highly flavoured as Black Cluster and Miller's Burgundy.

Black Lisbon. See Black Prince.

Black Lombardy. See West's St. Peter's.

Black Morillon. See Black Cluster,

Black Morocco. See Morocco.

Black Muscadel. See Morocco,

Black Muscadine (Black Chasselas; Chasselas Noir). - Bunches medium sized, compact. Berries about medium sized, round, inclining to oval. Skin thick, deep purplish-black, covered with blue bloom. Flesh juicy, sweet, sugary, and richly flavoured. When well ripened, this is an excellent grape, and has a trace of musky aroma in its flavour; but, to obtain it thus, it requires to be grown in a warm vinery.

Black Muscat of Alexandria (Red Muscat of Alex-andria). - Bunches large and shouldered. Berries large and oval. Skin thick, dark reddish-purple. Flesh firm and crackling, with a rich, sugary, and musky flavour. A First-rate grape. The berries are rather smaller than those of the White Muscat of Alexandria, but are equally rich in flavour, and ripen more easily. It may be grown either in a warm vinery, or a hothouse; but the latter is not Indispensable.

Black Palestine. See Black St. Peter's. Black Portugal. See Black Prince.

Black Prince (Alicante; Boston; Pocock's Damascus; Sir A. Pytche's Black; Steward's Black Prince; Blauer vonAlicant; Alicantenwein). - Bunches long, and generally without shoulders; but occasionally shouldered. Berries above medium size, oval. Skin thick, deep purplish-black, covered with thick blue bloom. Flesh white, or greenish, tender, very juicy, with a rich, sugary, and sprightly flavour. The seed-bearing string (placenta), which is drawn out when the berry is separated from the stalk, has a crimson streak in it. This is a grape of first-rate quality, ripens well in a cool vinery, or against a wall, in favourable situations; and.always colours well. The vine is a good bearer; the leaves in autumn die off, beautifully variegated with red, green, and yellow.

This is the Alicant and Black Spanish of Speechly, and, according to him, it is also called Lombardy; but the true Black Spanish is Black St. Peter's, and it is sometimes called Alicante. It is also the Blauer von Alicante of Fintlemann, and the Alicantweine of Christ.

Black St. PEter's (Alicante; Black Lisbon; Black Portugal; Black Palestine; Black Spanish; Black Valentia; St. Peters; Espagne Noir; Sanct Peters Traube; Schwarzer Spanischer). - Bunches large and long, sometimes shouldered. Berries above medium size, round. Skin thin, deep blue-black, and covered with bloom. Flesh tender, juicy, and with a rich, brisk flavour. An excellent late grape that will hang till March. It requires to be grown in a warm vinery j but will not bear much forcing, otherwise the berries are liable to crack.

Blacksmith's White Cluster. See Scotch White Cluster.

Black Spanish. See Black Prince.

Black Spanish. See Black St. Peter's.

Black SweetwateR (WaterzoetNoir). - Bunches small, short, and compact. Berries round. Skin very thin, and black. Flesh tender, juicy, and very sweet 5 but has little aroma or richness. This succeeds well against a wall, where it ripens early, or in a cool vinery; but it is impatient of forcing, and the berries are liable to crack when subjected to too much heat.

Black TRipoli. - The Black Tripoli grown at Welbeck since the time of Speechly has long been considered a distinct variety. By some it has been stated to be identical with the Black Hamburgh, and others have as distinctly asserted that it is totally different from that variety. When it is considered that there are two varieties of grapes cultivated in the country under the name of Black Hamburgh, this diversity of opinion is easily accounted for. From the true Black Hamburgh it is certainly distinct; but with the Frankenthal, which is also grown under that name, it is as certainly identical. See Frankenthal.

Black Valentia. See Black St. Peter's.

Blanc Precoce de Kienzheim. See Marly Kiens-heim.

Blanche. See St. John's.

Blauer von Alicant. See Black Prince,

Blauer Cliivner. See Black Cluster.

Blauer Mullerrebe. See Miller' s Burgundy,

Blauer Trollinger. See Black Hamburgh.

Blue Frontignan. See Purple Constantia.

BlussaRd Noir. - Bunches small and rather loose, not shouldered. Berries medium sized, roundish-oval. Skin rather thin, black, and covered with bloom. Flesh tender, juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. The vine is a very-strong grower, but a bad bearer. It is earlier than Black Hamburgh.

Boston. See Black Prince, Boudales. See CEillade,

Bowood Muscat. - This is a seedling raised from Muscat of Alexandria, to which it bears a close resemblance, but it differs from its parent in setting its fruit better, and in being a better bearer, and much earlier. It is an excellent grape.

Brizzola. See Barbarossa,

Buckland Sweetwater. - Bunches large, shouldered, and well set, heart-shaped. Berries large, round, inclining to oval. Skin thin, transparent, pale green, becoming pale amber when ripe. Flesh tender, melting, and very juicy, sweet, and well flavoured. Seeds rarely more than one in each berry. It ripens in a cool vinery.

BuRchardt's Amber Cluster. - Bunches medium sized, conical. Berries medium sized, oval. Skin thin, yellowish-white, becoming amber coloured when ripe. Flesh very juicy, rich, and sugary. Earlier than the Royal Muscadine, and a first-rate grape.

Burchardt's Prince. - Bunches long and tapering, larger than those of the Black Prince. Berries medium sized, roundish-oval. Skin thick, of a deep black colour, covered with dense bloom. Flesh firm, juicy, melting, rich, and vinous. An excellent late grape, requiring heat.

Burgundy. See Black Cluster.

Busby's Golden Hamburgh. See Golden Hamburgh.

Caillaba (Caillaba Noir Musquse). - Bunches long. Berries rather below medium size, round. Skin thin, but membranous, black. Flesh tender, juicy, and sweet, with a Muscat flavour. This is a moderately early grape, and ripens in a cool vinery about the beginning or middle of September. The vine is delicate, and requires high cultivation.

Calabrian Raisin (Raisin de Calabre). - Bunches large, slightly shouldered, long, and tapering, sometimes upwards of a foot in length. Berries large, quite round. Skin thick, but so transparent that the texture of the flesh and the stones are distinctly visible; white. Flesh moderately firm, with a sugary juice and good flavour. This is a late and long-hanging grape, forming an excellent; white companion to Black St. Peter's. It is not of first-rate quality as to flavour; but is, nevertheless, a valuable grape to grow on account of its late-keeping properties. The vine is a strong grower and a good bearer; succeeds in a cool vinery, and will also stand a good deal of heat.

Cambridge Botanic Garden. - This has been said to be identical with Black Prince, with which it has now, in many instances, got confounded; but it differs from that variety in having shorter and much more compact bunches. Bunches rarely shouldered. Berries large and Oval. Skin brownish-black. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, and highly flavoured; with from two to three stones in each berry: while in Black Prince they vary from three to five.

An excellent out-door grape, ripening well against a wall, and well adapted for a cold vinery. Mr. Rivers has found it well suited for pot culture.

Campanella Bianca. See Royal Muscadine.

Canon Hall Muscat. - -This differs from its parent, the Muscat of Alexandria, in having better-set and more tapering bunches, and rather larger and longer berries. The vine is of more robust growth, and the flowers have six. and sometimes seven, stamens ; but the fruit is not so highly flavoured as Muscat of Alexandria.

Catawba (Arkansas; Catawba Tokay; Lebanon Seed-ling; Red Murrey; Singleton). - Bunches medium sized, shouldered. Berries medium sized, round. Skin thick, pale red, becoming a deeper colour as it ripens, and covered with a lilac bloom. Flesh, somewhat glutinous, juicy, sweet, and musky. A popular American dessert grape, and used also for wine. It is very productive, and very hardy.

Champion Hamburgh. See Black Champion,

Chaptal. - Bunches large. Berries large and round, inclining to oval. Skin white. Flesh juicy and sweet. This is a new French grape of excellent quality, well adapted for a cool vinery, when it ripens about the middle of September. The vine is a great bearer, and, according to Mr. Rivers, is well adapted for pot culture.

CharleswoRth Tokay. - This is very much like Muscat of Alexandria. Some consider it quite distinct, but I have as yet failed to observe wherein it differs. If it is distinct, it is not sufficiently so to make two varieties of them.

Chasselas. See Royal Muscadine,

Chasselas Blanc. See Royal Muscadine,

Chasselas Bleu de Windsor. See Esperione

Chasselas Doree, See Royal Muscadine,

Chasselas Duhamel. - This is, in all respects, very much like Chasselas Vibert, and was raised in the same batch of seedlings. Mr. Rivers describes it to me as a fine, large, amber-coloured Sweetwater-like sort, which is likely to prove very valuable. He imported it for the first time into this country three or four years ago.

Chasselas de Faxloux (Chasselas Rose deFalloux). - Bunches long and compact. Berries large, round, and somewhat flattened. Skin tough, of a pale yellow colour at first, but gradually changing to a pale red. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, and refreshing, with a distinct musky flavour. The vine is a great bearer, and well suited for pot culture. The fruit ripens in September in an ordinary vinery.

Chasselas de Fontainbleau. See Royal Muscadine,

Chasselas Musque (Josling's St, Albans; Muscat Fleur d' Orange; Muscat de Jesus; Muscat Rrimavis; Pascal Musque; Tokai Musque). - Bunches long, tapering, rather loose, and shouldered. Berries above medium size, round. Skin greenish-white, changing to pale amber when highly ripened, and covered with a delicate white bloom. Flesh firm, rich, sugary, and with a high Muscat flavour. A most delicious grape of first-rate quality. It may be grown either in a cool or warm vinery; but the berries are very liable to crack, unless the vine is growing in a shallow border, and the roots are kept moderately dry when the fruit is ripening. It is rather an early variety, and ripens in a vinery in the beginning of September.

Chasselas de Negrepont. See Negropont Chasselas.

Chasselas Panache. See Aleppo.

Chasselas Rose de Falloux. See Chasselas deFalloux.

Chasselas VibeRt. - Bunches long and loose. Berries large and round. Skin thin and transparent, yellowish-white, but when highly ripened of a fine pale amber colour. Flesh tender, juicy, and sweet. This, in the form and size of the bunches and berries, resembles the Prolific Sweetwater; but it is readily distinguished from all the Sweetwaters, to which section it belongs, by the bristly pubescence of its leaves, both above and beneath. Mr. Rivers informs me, that it ripens with him ten or twelve days before the Royal Muscadine; that the vine is hardy and prolific, and well adapted for pot culture. It may be grown in a cool vinery.

Cinq Saous. See CEillade.

Ciotat (Parsley-leaved; Raisin d'Autriche; Peter-silien Gutedel). - Bunches medium sized, not quite so large as those of Royal Muscadine, shouldered and loose. Berries medium sized, round, uneven, with short, thin Stalks. Skin thin, greenish-yellow or white, covered with bloom. Flesh tender, sweet, and with the flavour of Royal Muscadine, of which this variety is a mere form, differing in having the leaves very much cut. It ripens in a cool vinery.

Le Coeur. See Morocco.

Corinthe Blanc. See White Corinth.

Corinthe Noir. See Black Corinth.

CoRnichon Blanc (Finger Grape; White Cucumber; Bec d'Oiseau; Teta de Vaca). - Bunches rather small, round, and loose. Berries very long, sometimes an inch and a half, and narrow; tapering to both ends, and just like very large barberries. Skin thick, green, and covered with white bloom. Flesh firm and sweet. A late-ripening and late-hanging grape of little value, and requires stove heat to ripen it.

Cumberland Lodge. See Esperione.

Currant. See Black Corinth,

De Candolle. Sec Gromier du Cantal.

Dutch Hamburgh (Wilmot's Hamburgh). - Bunches medium sized, compact, and rarely shouldered. Berries very large, roundish-oblate, uneven and hammered. Skin thick, very black, and covered with a thin bloom. Flesh pretty firm, coarse, and not so highly flavoured as the B1ack Hamburgh. It ripens in an ordinary vinery.

Dutch Sweetwater. See White Sweetwater.

Early Black. See Black Cluster.

Early Black Muscat (Muscat Precoce d'Aout. - Mr. Rivers' description of this variety, which I have not seen, is - Berries below medium size, and round. Skin black. Flesh rich and juicy, with a rich Frontignan flavour. The vine is more robust in its habit than the August Muscat, and the fruit ripens against a wall. This is one of the seedlings of the late M. Vibert, of Angers.

Early Chasselas (Chasselas Hatif; Bar-sur-Aube ; Krach Gutedel).- - This is very similar to the Royal Muscadine in general appearance, and has, therefore, been frequently confounded with it; but it is a very distinct variety when obtained true, and is readily known by its very firm crackling flesh, which is richly flavoured. The vine may be distinguished by its small quantity of foliage, which is somewhat hairy, and by the leaftstalk being frequently warted.

Early Leipzic. See Early White Malvasia.

Early Kienzheim (Blanc Precoce de Kienzhieim; Pricoce de Kienzheim). - Bunches small, cylindrical and well set. Berries about medium size, roundish-oval or oval. Skin tender, white, and transparent, covered with a very thin bloom. Flesh very tender and juicy, sweet and pleasantly flavoured, like the Sweetwater.

This is one of the earliest grapes known, and ripens in a cool vinery from the beginning to the middle of August. It will also succeed against a wall in the open air ; but, of course, is not then so early.

Early Malingre (Malingre; Pricoce de Malingre; Precoce Blanc). - Bunches of pretty good size. Berries round, inclining to oval, and of medium size. Skin white. Flesh rather richly flavoured, juicy and sugary. One of the earliest grapes, ripening in a cool vinery in the beginning of August; and, in the open air, against a wall, it is the earliest white grape. The vine is a most abundant bearer, forms a handsome bush, and is well suited for pot culture.

Early Saumur Muscat (Muscat de Saumur; Made-leine Musque de Courtiller; Bricoce Musque), - Bunches rather compact. Berries medium sized and round. Skin white, assuming an amber tinge towards maturity. Flesh firm and crackling, rich and sugary, with a distinct, but not strong, Muscat flavour. This is one of the earliest grapes, ripening with the Black July, from seed of which it was raised.

The vine is an abundant bearer. It is an excellent grape, and may be grown either in a cool vinery, or against a wall in the open air.

Early White Malvasia (Grove-End Sweetwater; Early Leipzic; Morna Chasselas; White Metier; Metier Blanc Hatif; Friiher Leipziger; Weisse Cibebe), - Bunches rather large, six to eight inches long, loose, tapering, and occasionally shouldered. Berries large, round, inclining to oval. Skin thin and transparent, greenish-white, but becoming yellow at maturity, and covered with white bloom. Flesh abundant, very juicy, sweet, and with a rich flavour. Ripens in a cool vinery about the end of August, and also against a wall; in the open air.

The vine is an excellent bearer, and succeeds well when grown in pots.

Esperione (Cumberland Lodge; Turner's Black; Aspirant Noir; Espiran; Chasselas Bleu de Windsor), - Bunches large and shouldered. Berries large, round, and inclining to oblate. Skin dark blackish-purple, covered with blue bloom. Flesh rather firm than tender, juicy, sweet, and well flavoured; but inferior to the Black Hamburgh.

This is a variety bearing a close resemblance to the Frank-enthal. Its great recommendation is its ripening so well out of doors against a wall, for which it is said to be better adapted, and where it ripens better than the Black Hamburgh, and ten or fifteen days earlier. It is distinguished from Black Hamburgh by its leaves dying off a rich purple colour, and not yellow.

Finger Grape, See Cornichon Blanc.

Flame-coloured Tokay. See Lombardy. Frankenthal. See page 121. Froc de la Boulaye. See Prolific Sweetwater. Fruher Leipziger. See Early White Malvasia,

Golden Hamburgh (Busby's Golden Hamburgh; Stockwood Park Golden Hamburgh). - Bunches large, loose, branching, and shouldered. Berries large and oval. Skin thin, of a pale yellow colour; but when highly ripened, pale amber. Flesh tender and melting, very juicy, rich, sugary, and vinous. An excellent grape. Ripens in a cool vinery, and forces well.

Grec Rouge. See Gromier du Cantal.

GRomier du Cantal (Barbaroux; De Candolle; Grec Rouge; Gros Gromier du Cantal; Malaga; Raisin du Pauvre; Raisin de Servie). - Bunches large, a foot long, broad, and shouldered. Berries large and round. Skin very thin, amber coloured, mottled with light purplish-brown. Flesh tender, juicy, and sweet, with a brisk vinous flavour. Requires a warm vinery to ripen it; and it does not keep long after being ripe. In some of the vineyards of France, and particularly in those of Tarn-et-Garonne, it is called Alicante.

Gros Coulard. See Prolific Sweetwater,

Gros Gromier du Cantal. See Gromier du Cantal.

Gros Maroc (Marocain). - Bunches large, long, and shouldered, and with a long stalk. Berries large and oval. Skin thick, of a deep reddish-purple, and covered with an abundant blue bloom. Flesh tender, sweet, and richly flavoured.

This is an excellent grape, and ripens along with the Black Hamburgh. It is frequently confounded with the GrosDamas, from which it is distinguished by its smoother and more deeply-cut leaves, shorter-jointed wood, and earlier ripening.

GRos Romain. - This is a variety introduced by Mr, Rivers, of which he speaks very highly. I have never yet seen the fruit; but he informs me that it is a most delicious grape, with very large, round, amber-coloured berries, almost yellow. It is quite a distinct variety from White Romain, or, as it is sometimes called, Muscat Romain.

Grove-End Sweetwater. See Early White Malvasia.

Gutedel. See Royal Muscadine.

Hampton Court. See Black Hamburgh.

Horsforth Seedling. See Morocco,

Isabella. - Bunches large. Berries large and oval. Skin thin, of a dark purple colour, almost black, and covered with bloom. Flesh tender, juicy, sweet, and vinous, with a musky flavour.

This is a variety of Vitis Labrusca, a native American

grape, cultivated in the open air in the United States, both for the dessert and for wine; but it is not of much account in England.

ISCHIA (Noir Precoce de Genes; Uva di tri volte). - The bunches and berries of this variety very much resemble those of Black Cluster; but the fruit ripens as early as that of Black July, and is very much superior in flavour to that variety. Berries medium sized, black, very juicy, sweet, and vinous. The vine is very vigorous and luxuriant in its growth, and bears abundantly, if not pruned too close. In Italy it produces three crops in a year by stopping the shoot two or three joints beyond the last bunch just as the flower has fallen and the berries set; new shoots are started from the joints that are left, and also bear fruit, and these being again stopped, a third crop is obtained.

This variety succeeds admirably against a wall in the open air.

Jacob's Traube. See Black July,

Jew's. See Syrian.

Joannec. See St. John's.

Joannenc. See St. Johns.

Josling's St. Alban's. See Chasselas Muaqae.

July. See Black July.

July Muscat (Muscat de Juillet). - This is a very early Variety, having a distinct Muscat flavour. It was introduced by Mr. Rivers, who describes it as follows: - Berries round, purple; of medium size; rich, juicy, and excellent. This grape will ripen on a wall, as it is one of the earliest of its race, and is well adapted for pot culture in the orchard-house.

Kempsey Alicante. - Bunches six to eight inches long, not shouldered, and rather thickly set. Berries very large, from an inch to an inch and a quarter long, and three quarters to an inch wide; oval. Skin thick and tough, of a deep blue-black colour at the apex when ripe, but towards the stalk of a greenish-yellow, mottled with dark purple. Flesh greenish, firm, sweet, and with a fine aroma when fully ripe. Seeds generally one or two only, but sometimes four.

The berries, in size and colour, are more like plums. The vine is a free grower, a good bearer, and requires a high temperature to ripen the fruit thoroughly. The foliage when young is very thin and tender, and covered with a delicate down. This is a very late grape, being fully three weeks or a month later than any other variety; still it .forces well, and may also be grown in pots. It will hang till May.

Knevett's Black Hamburgh. See Black Hamburgh.

Krach Gutedel. See Early Chasselas.

Laan Hatif. See Scotch White Cluster.

LadyDowne's Seedling. - Bunches shouldered, eight to ten inches long, and rather loose. Berries above medium size, ten-twelfths of an inch long and nine-twelfths wide; oval. Skin rather thick, tough, and membraneous, reddish-purple at first, but becoming quite black when fully coloured, and covered with a delicate bloom. Flesh dull opaline white, firm, sweet, and richly flavoured, with a faint trace of Muscat flavour, but not so much as to include it among Muscats. Seeds generally in pairs.

This is a very valuable grape, and may be ripened with, the heat of an ordinary vinery. It forces well, and will hang till the month of March without shrivelling or discoloration of either berries or stalks. The vine is a. vigorous grower and an abundant bearer, seldom producing less than three bunches on each shoot. I have seen bunches of this grape ripened in August, hang till March, and preserve all their freshness even at that late season, when the berries were plump and delicious.

Lashmar's Seedling. See St. John's,

Lebanon Seedling. See Catawba.

Lombardy (Flame-coloured Tokay; Red Rhenish; Red Taurida; Wantage). - Bunches very large, shouldered, closely set, and handsome; sometimes weighing from six to seven pounds. Berries large and round, inclining to oval. Skin pale red or flame coloured. Flesh firm, sweet, and well flavoured, but only second-rate.

This requires a high temperature to ripen it. The vino is a very strong grower, and requires a great deal of room; but it is a good bearer. The only recommendation to this variety is the great size of the bunches and beauty of the fruit.

Macready's Early White. See St. John's.

Madeira Muscat. - Bunches of medium size, rather compact. Berries above medium size, round. Skin reddish-purple. Flesh very juicy and rich, with a high musky flavour.

This is an excellent grape, and ripens well in a cool vinery at the same season as the Black Hamburgh.

Madeleine. See Black July.

Madeleine Blanche de Malingre. See Early Malingre.

Madeleine Musque de Courtiller. See Early Saumur Muscat.

Madeleine Noir. See Black July.

Malaga. See Gromier du Cantal.

Malaga. See Muscat of Alexandria.

Malingre. See Early Malingre.

Marchioness of Hastings. - Bunches large, loose, and broadly shouldered. Berries upwards of an inch long and about an inch wide ; oval. Skin thin, greenish white, covered with thin grey bloom. Flesh squashy and watery, without much flavour. This is an early grape, and ripens in an ordinary vinery. Its only recommendation is the size of the bunches, which may be grown to weigh four pounds.

Maroquin d'Espagne. See Black Hamburgh. Melier Blanc Hative. See Early White Malvasia. Merrick's Victoria. See Frankenthal. Meunier. See Miller's Burgundy.

Mill Hill Hamburgh. - This is so much like Dutch Hamburgh as not to be distinguishable from it, but there are some who maintain that they are distinct. The only difference I have ever been able to detect is, when the foliage is young that of Mill Hill appears paler and more waved than that of Dutch Hamburgh, but that character soon disappears, and the two become to all appearance the same.

Miller Grape. See Miller's Burgundy.

Miller's Burgundy (Miller Grape; Meunier; Blatter Mullerrebe). - Bunches short, cylindrical, and compact, with a long stalk. Berries small, round, inclining to oval, uniform in size, with short-warted stalks. Skin thin, black, and covered with blue bloom. Flesh red, sweet, juicy, and highly flavoured, and contains two seeds.

An excellent grape for out-door cultivation, as it ripens well against a wall. It is easily distinguished from all other grapes by its very downy leaves, which, when they are first expanded, are almost white, and this they in some degree maintain during the greater part of the season. On this account it is called "The Miller."

Mogul. See Morocco.

Money's St. Peter's. See West's St. Peter's.

Morillon Hatif. See Black July.

Morillon Noir. See Black Cluster.

Morillon Panache. See Aleppo.

Morocco (Ansleys Large Oval; Black Morocco; Black Muscadel; Le Coeur; Horsforth Seedling; Moqul; Red Muscadel). - Bunches large and shouldered. Berries of unequal size; some are large and oval. Skin thick, reddish-brown, becoming blackish-brown when fully ripe; beginning to colour at the apex and proceeding gradually towards the stalk, where it is generally paler. Flesh firm, sweet, but not highly flavoured; the small berries are generally without stones, and the large ones have rarely more than one.

This is only a second-rate grape as regards flavour. It is very late, and requires stove heat to ripen it thoroughly.

Moscatel Commun. See White Frontignan.

Moscatel Menudo. See Red Frontignan.

Muscat of Alexandria (Alexandrian Frontignan; Malaga; Muscat of Jerusalem; Muscat of Lunel; Panse Musque; Passe Musque; Tottenham Park Muscat). -

Bunches large, long, loose, and shouldered; stalk long. Berries large, oral, unequal in size, and with long, slender, warted stalks. Skin thick, generally greenish yellow; but, when highly ripened, a fine pale amber colour, and covered with thin white bloom. Flesh firm and breaking, not very juicy, but exceedingly sweet and rich, with a fine Muscat flavour.

A well-known and most delicious grape, requiring a high temperature to ripen it thoroughly; but it may be. sufficiently ripened in a warm vinery, provided it has a high temperature at the time of flowering and while the fruit is setting. The vine is an abundant bearer, but the bunches set badly. To remedy this defect, a very good plan is to draw the hand down the bunches when they are in bloom so as to distribute the pollen, and thereby aid fertilisation.

It is this grape which furnishes the Muscatel Raisins, imported in boxes from Spain.

Muscat d'Aout. See August Muscat.

Muscat Blanc. See White Frontignan.

Muscat Fleur d'Orange. Seo Chasselas Musque.

Muscat Gris. See Red Frontignan.

Muscat Hamburgh (Snow's Muscat Hamburgh). - Bunches above medium size, compact, and shouldered. Berries rather large, varying from round to oval. Skin tough, but not thick, deep purplish-black, covered with thin blue bloom. Flesh tender, very juicy, rich, and sugary, with a fine Muscat aroma.

This excellent grape may be ripened in a house subjected to the same amount of heat as is generally given to the Black Hamburgh, and it has also been ripened in a cool vinery.

Muscat of Jerusalem. See Muscat of Alexandria. Muscat de Jesus. See Chasselas Musque. Muscat de Juillet. See July Muscat.

Muscat St. Laurent. - Bunches similar to those of Royal Muscadine. Berries small, roundish oval. Skin thin, greenish-yellow, becoming pale amber when thoroughly ripened. Flesh very tender, melting, and juicy, with a refreshing, juicy, and a distinct Muscat aroma. This variety, introduced by Mr. Rivers, that gentleman says, is very early, and will ripen on a wall with the

Sweetwater. It is well adapted for pot culture in the orchard-house, and in cool vineries.

Muscat of Lunel. See Muscat of Alexandria.

Muscat de Naples. See Purple Constantia.

Muscat Noir. See Black Frontignan.

Muscat Noir d'Espagne. See Trentham Black.

Muscat Noir Ordinaire. See Black Frontignan.

Muscat Ottos el. - This is an early variety of Muscat grape, introduced by Mr. Rivers, of Saw bridge worth, and which ripens its fruit in a cool vinery. That gentleman describes it as having a compact bunch, and round, white, and rather small berries, "A very hardy, nice Museat grape."

Muscat Precoce d'Aout. See Early Black Muscat.

Muscat Primavis. See Chasselas Musque.

Muscat Romain. See White Romain.

Muscat Rouge. See Red Frontignan.

Muscat de Sarbelle. See Sarhelle Muscat.

Muscat de Saumur. See Early Saumur Muscat.

Negropont Chasselas (Chasselas de Negrepont). - This is a variety which, in the bunches and foliage, resembles the Royal Muscadine. The berries are at first of a pale green colour, and gradually become of a fine clear red as they attain maturity. In this respect they differ from those of the Red Chasselas, which, from their setting, are of a bright red colour. Like the Royal Muscadine, it is of excellent flavour, and early.

Nepean's Constantia. See White Frontignan.

Noir Precoce de Genes. See Ischia.

OEillade (Ulliade; Boudales; CinqSaous; Prunelas). - Bunches medium sized, and with long stalks. Berries large, oval, uniform in size, and dangling from long stalks. Skin thin, of a dark purplish-black colour, and covered with bloom. Flesh rather firm, and breaking, juicy, sweet, and of good flavour.

The vine is a very abundant bearer, and ripens its fruit in a cool vinery.

Oldaker's St. Peter's. See West's St. Peter's.

Palestine. See Syrian,

Panse Musque. See Muscat of Alexandria.

Parsley-leaved. See Ciotat.

Passe Musque. See Muscat of Alexandria

Passolina Nera. See Block Corinth.

Perle Blanche. See White Sweetwater.

Petersilien Gutedel. See Ciotat.

Pineau. See. Black Cluster.

Pitmaston White Cluster. - Bunches medium sized, compact, and shouldered. Berries medium sized, round, inclining to oblate. Skin thin, amber coloured, and frequently russety. Flesh tender and juicy, sweet and well flavoured. An excellent early grape; succeeds well in a cool vinery, and ripens against a wall in the open air. Pocock's Damascus. See Black Prince. Poonah. See West's St. Peters. Pope Hamburgh. See Frankenthal. Precoce Blanc. See Early Malingre. Precoce de Kienzheim. See Early Ktenzheim. Precoce de Malingre. See Early Malingre, Prococe Musque. See Early Saumur Muscat. Prince Albert. See Barbarossa.

Prolific Sweetwater (Froc de la Boulays; Gros Coulard). - Bunches medium sized, cylindrical, loose, and not shouldered. Berries large and round, uniform in size. Skin thin, greenish-yellow, but pale amber when fully ripe. Flesh tender, juicy, and sweet, with an ex-cellent flavour.

This is an excellent early white grape, and sets its fruit much better than the old Sweetwater. It ripens well in a cool vinery, and is well adapted for pot culture.

Prunelas. See CEillade.

Purple Constantia (Black Constantia ; Purple Fron-tignan; Blue Frontignan; Violet Frontignan; Muscat de Naples; Violette Muskateller). - Bunches long and tapering, very much more so than those of Black Frontignan, and with small shoulders. Berries large and round. Skin dark purple, covered with thick blue bloom. Flesh juicy, very richly flavoured, and with a Muscat aroma which is less powerful than in Black Frontignan.

This is a most delicious grape, and requires to be grown in a warm vinery. It is the Black or Purple Frontignac of Speechly ; but is very different from what is generally cultivated for Black Frontignan - that variety being the Blue or Violet Frontignac of Speechly.

Purple Fontainbleau. - I have never seen this grape, but Mr. Rivers speaks of it as a very hardy variety, ripening against a wall in the open air; well adapted for pot culture, and a prodigious bearer. The berries are oval, light purple, sweet, and juicy.

Purple Frontignan. See Purple Constantia.

Raisin d'Alep. See Aleppo.

Raisin d'Autriche. See Ciotat,

Raisin de Calabre. See Calabrian Raisin.

Raisin des Cannes. See West's St, Peter's.

Raisin de Cuba. See West's St. Peter's.

Raisin de Frontignan. See White Frontignan,

Raisin du Pauvre. See Gromier du Cantal.

Raisin Precoce. See Black July.

Raisin de St. Jean. See St. John's.

Raisin de Servie. See Gromier du Cantal.

Raisin Suisse. See Aleppo.

Red Chasselas (Red Muscadine; Chasselas Rouge ; Chasselas Rouge Fonce; Cerese; Septembro). - Bunches medium sized, loose, rarely compact, shouldered; with long, thin, and somewhat reddish stalks. Berries medium sized, round. Skin thin, red, covered with a violet bloom. Flesh juicy and sweet. The vine is a great bearer, and will ripen its fruit in a cool vinery. The most remarkable character of this variety is, that from the time the germ is visible, or, as Mr. Rivers says, "no bigger than a pin's head, it changes to red," and it becomes gradually paler as the fruit ripens. Mr. Rivers says, "it is as

good as Royal Muscadine when fully ripe, and a great bearer."

Red Frontignan (Grizzly Frontignan; Muscat Gris; Muscat Rouge; Moscatel Menudo; Cevana Dinka; Rother Muskateller; Grauer Muskataller). - Bunches large, long, and generally cylindrical, but occasionally with very small shoulders. Berries above medium size, round. Skin rather thick, yellow on the shaded side, clouded with pale red on the side next the sun, and covered with grey bloom. Flesh rather firm, juicy, but not very melting, with a rich, sugary, and musky flavour.

Ripens about the end of September when not forced, and requires the heat of a warm vinery.

Red Hamburgh. See Black Hamburgh.

Red Muncy. See Catawba.

Red. Muscadel. See Morocco.

Red Muscadine. See Red Chasselas.

Red Muscat of Alexandria. See Black Muscat of Alexandria.

Red Rhenish. See Lombardy.

Red Taurida. See Lombardy.

Bheingauer. See White Rissling.

Riessling. See White Rissling.

Rosslinger. See White Rissling.

Rossea. See Barborossa.

Rother Muskateller. See Red Frontignan.

Royal Muscadine (Amber Muscadine; Muscadine; White Chasselas; D'Arboyce; Chasselas; Chasselas Dore; Chasselas de Fontainbleau ; Campanella Bianca ; Weisser Gutedel). - Bunches long, loose, and shouldered; sometimes compact and cylindrical. Berries large, round, and, in the compact bunches, inclining to oval. Skin thin and transparent, greenish-yellow, becoming pale amber when quite ripe, and sometimes marked with tracings and dots of russet; covered with thin white bloom. Flesh tender and juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured.

This excellent and well-known grape ripens well in a cool vinery and against walls in the open air. The many names it has received have arisen from the various forms it frequently assumes, and which are occasioned entirely by the nature of the soil and the different modes of treatment to which it is subjected. There is no real difference between this, the common Chasselas, and Chasselas de Fontainbleau. The White Muscadine of some authors is the Early Chasselas.

Rudesheimer. See White Rissling.

St. Jean. See Black July.

St. John's (Raisin de St. Jean; Joannec; Joannenc;

Blanche; Lashmar's Seedling; Macready's Early White), - Bunches about five inches long, with a very long stalk, loose, and with many undeveloped berries. Berries medium sized, roundish oval. Skin thin, and green. Flesh very thin and watery, and though without much flavour is agreeable and refreshing. It ripens against a wall in the open air, and is well adapted for this mode of cultivation.

St. Peter's. See Black St. Peter's.

Schiras (Ciras; Scyras; Sirrah; Sirac).- Bunches long, loose, and shouldered. Berries large, oval. Skin thick, reddish-purple, covered with blue bloom. Flesh rather firm and juicy; juice pale red, sugary, and with a delicious aroma. Ripens in a cool vinery; and is as early as the Royal Muscadine.

This fine, large, oval, black grape is that which is grown almost exclusively in the vineyards of the Hermitage, and furnishes the celebrated Hermitage wine. It is said to have been originally introduced from Schiraz, in Persia, by one of the hermits who formerly resided there.

Schwarzer Riessling. See Black Cluster.

Scotch White Cluster (Blacksmith's White Cluster; Laan Hatif; Van der Laan Precoce; Diamant). - Bunches medium sized, very compact. Berries somewhat oval, or roundish oval. Skin white, covered with thin bloom. Flesh tender and juicy, sweet and richly flavoured. This is a very hardy grape, an excellent bearer, and ripens its fruit against a wall in the open air.

Singleton. See Catawba.

Sir A. Pytche's. See Black Prince.

Sir W. Rowley's Black. See Black Frontignan.

Snow's Muscat Hamburgh. See Muscat Hamburgh.

Steward's Black Prince. See Black Prince.

Stillward's Sweetwater. See White Sweetwater.

Stockwood Park Hamburgh. See Golden Hamburgh.

Stoneless Round-berried. See White Corinth.

Striped Muscadine, See Aleppo.

Syrian (Palestine; Jew's; Terre de la Promise). - Bunches immensely large, broad-shouldered, and conical. Berries large, oval. Skin thick, greenish-white, changing to pale yellow when quite ripe. Flesh firm and crackling, sweet, and, when well ripened, of good flavour.

This is a very good late grape, and generally produces bunches weighing from 7 lbs. to 10 lbs.; but, to obtain the fruit in its greatest excellence, the vine requires to be grown in a hothouse, and planted in very shallow, dry, sandy soil. Speechly states that he grew a bunch at Welbeck weighing 20 lbs., and measuring 21¾ inches long and 19½ inches across the shoulders. It is a strong grower and an abundant bearer.

Terre de la Promise. See Syrian.

Teta de Vaca. See Cornichon Blanc.

Tokai Musque. See Chasselas Musque.

Tokay. - The Hungarian wine, called Tokay, is not produced from any particular description of grape nor grown in any particular vineyard; the name is applied to all wine grown on the hills of Zemplen, of which Tokay is the chief; and the ground so cultivated extends over seven or eight square leagues of surface. The name Tokay is, therefore, applicable to many varieties of grapes, and it has thus been applied to several varieties in this country. But there is one which, being distinct from all the others, I have described under the name of White Tokay, which see.

Tottenham Park Muscat. See Muscat of Alexandria.

Trebbiano (Trebbiano Bianco; Trebbiano Vero; Erba-lus; Ugni Blanc). - Bunches very large, broad-shouldered, and well set. Berries medium sized, roundish-oval, some-times oval and sometimes almost round. Skin thick, tough, and membranous, somewhat adhering to the flesh; greenish-white, covered with a very delicate bloom. Flesh firm and crackling, sweet and richly flavoured when well ripened.

This is a late grape, requiring the same heat and treat-ment as the Muscats, and will hang as late as the end of March. It requires fire heat in September and October to ripen it thoroughly before winter sets in. I have seen bunches of this 14 inches long and 10 inches across.

Trentham Black (Muscat Noir d'Espagne). - Bunches large, tapering, and shouldered. Berries above medium size, oval. Skin, though not thick, is tough and membranous, separating freely from the flesh, of a jet black colour, and covered with thin bloom. Flesh very melt-ag, abundantly juicy, very rich, sugary, and vinous. A very excellent grape, ripening with Black Hamburgh; but keeping plump long after the Black Hamburgh shrivels. The vine is a Free grower and a good bearer; and Mr. Fleming informs me that it resists powerful sun better than any other variety he knows. It was introduced by Mr. Rivers under the name given as a synonyme; but, not being a Muscat, its present name was adopted.

Turner's Black. See Esperione.

Ugni Blanc. See Trebbiano.

Ulliade. See CEillade.

Uva di tri Volte. See Ischia.

Van der Laan Precoce. See Scotch White Cluster.

Variegated Chasselas. See Aleppo.

VeRelHo. - Bunches rather small, conical, and loose. Berries small, unequal in size, and oval. Skin thin and transparent, yellowish-green, but becoming a fine amber colour when highly ripened, with sometimes markings of russet. Flesh tender, sugary, and richly flavoured.

It is from this grape that the Madeira wine is principally made.

Vert Precoce de Madere. See Early Green Madeira. Victoria Hamburgh. See Frankenthal. Violet Frontignan. See Purple Constantia.

Violette Muskateller. See Purple Constantia.

Wantage. See Lombardy.

Warner's Hamburgh. See Black Hamburgh.

Waterzoet Noir. See Black Sweetwater.

Weisser Cibebe. See Early White Malvasia.

Weisser Muskateller. See White Frontignan.

Weisser Riessling. See White Rissling.

West's St. Peter's (Black Lombardy, Moneys St. Peter's; Poonah; Raisin des Carmes; Raisin de Cuba). - Bunches large, tapering, and well shouldered. Berries large, roundish-oval, ana varying in size. Skin thin, very black, covered with a blue bloom. Flesh tender, very juicy, sweet, and with a fine sprightly flavour.

This is a very fine late grape, and requires to be grown in a house with stove heat.

White Chasselas. See Royal Muscadine,

White Constantia. See White Frontignan.

White Corinth (White Kishmish; Stoneless Round-berried; Corinthe Blanc). - Bunches small, shouldered, and loose. Berries very small. Skin yellowish-white, changing to amber, covered with white bloom. Flesh very juicy, sub-acid and with a refreshing flavour. The seeds are entirely wanting. Of no value.

White Cucumber. See Cornichon Blanc,

White Feontignan (White Constantia; Nepean's Constantia; Muscat Blanc; Moscatel Commun; Raisin de Frontignan; Weisser Muskateller). - Bunches large, long, cylindrical, and compact, without shoulders. Berries medium sized, round. Skin dull greenish-white, or yellow, covered with thin grey bloom. Flesh rather firm, juicy, sugary, and very rich, with a fine Muscat flavour.

This will ripen either in a cool or warm vinery, but is worthy of the most favourable situation in which it can be grown. The vine is an abundant bearer, and forces well.

White Hamburgh. See White Lisbon.

White Kishmish. See White Corinth.

White Lisbon (White Hamburgh; White Portugal; White Raisin). - Bunches large and loose. Berries oval. Skin greenish-white. Flesh firm and crackling, not very juicy, but with a sweet and refreshing flavour.

It is this grape which is so largely imported from Portugal during the autumn and winter months, and sold in the fruiterers' and grocers' shops under the name of Portugal Grapes.

White Melier. See Early White Malvasia.

White Muscadine. See Royal Muscadine,

White Nice. - Bunches very large and loose, with several shoulders. Berries medium sized, round, and hanging loosely on the bunches. Skin thin, but tough, and membranous; greenish-white, becoming pale amber coloured as it ripens. Flesh firm and sweet. Bunches of this variety have been grown to weigh 18 lbs. The leaves are very downy underneath.

White Portugal. See White Lisbon. White Raisin. See White Lisbon,

White Kibbling (Weisser Riessling), - Bunches small, short, and compact, scarcely, if at all, shouldered. Berries round, or somewhat oblate. Skin thin, greenish-white, and, when highly ripened, sometimes with a reddish tinge. Flesh tender, fleshy, and juicy, with a sweet and agreeably aromatic flavour.

This may be grown either in a cool vinery, or against a wall in the open air. The vine is a great bearer, and is very extensively grown in the vineyards of the Rhine and Moselle.

WHITE Romain (Muscat Romain). - Bunches below medium size, and rather closely set. Berries medium sized, oval Skin thin,, and so transparent that the seeds can be seen through it; yellowish white, and with a thin bloom. Flesh tender, very juicy, and sweet. An excellent early grape. The wood is very short-jointed, and the vine forms a small bush; it is well suited for pot culture.

Mr. Rivers introduced this variety, expecting it to be a Muscat; but when it fruited it was found not to be so, and he, therefore, adopted the present name.

White Sweetwater (Stillward's Sweetwater; Dutch Sweetwater; Perle Blanche), - Bunches rather above medium size, shouldered, and very loose, containing many badly-developed berries. Berries large and round. Skin thin and transparent, exhibiting the veins of the flesh; white, and covered with a thin bloom, and when highly ripened streaked with traces of russet. Flesh tender, very juicy, sweet, and with a fine delicate flavour.

A well-known and excellent early grape, whose greatest fault is the irregularity with which its bunches are set. There is another Sweetwater, called, by the Dutch, Water-zoet Witte, which is a very inferior variety to this.

White Tokay. - Bunches rather large and compact, from nine inches to a foot long, and broad-shouldered. Berries large and oval. Skin thin, pale coloured, but assuming an amber colour at maturity. Flesh tender and juicy, with a rich flavour. This, in the size of the bunch and form and size of the berries, resembles Muscat of Alexandria; but the bunches are much more compact, and the fruit has not the slightest trace of the Muscat flavour.

Wilmot's Hamburgh. See Dutch Hamburgh. Worksop Manor. See Black Damascus. Zante. See Black Corinth.

LIST OF SELECT GRAPES.

For small establishments those marked * should be chosen.

I. FOR WALLS IN THE OPEN AIR.

Muscats. *Early Black Muscat

Early Saumur Muscat

July Muscat *Muscat St. Laurent

Not Muscats. Black July

*Early Malingre Early White Malvasia

*Esperione

*Miller's Burgundy Pitmaston White Cluster Purple Fontainbleau

*Royal Muscadine

II. FOR COOL VINERIES.

Muscats.

Black Frontignan

Chasselas Musque *Early Black Muscat

Early Saumur Muscat

July Muscat *Madeira Muscat *Muscat St. Laurent

Not Muscats. *Black Champion *Black Hamburgh

Black Prince *Chasselas Vibert

Early White Malvasia * Golden Hamburgh

Pitmaston White Cluster *Royal Muscadine *White Romain

III. FOR POTS IN ORCHARD-HOUSES.

Muscats.

August Muscat

Early Saumur Muscat *July Muscat *Muscat St. Laurent *Sarbelle Muscat

Not Muscats. Chaptal

*Cambridge Botanic Garden *Chasselas Vibert *Esperione

Early White Malvasia

Prolific Sweetwater *Purple Fontainbleau *Royal Muscadine *White Romain

IV. FOR FORCING FOR EARLY CROPS.

Muscats.

*Chasselas Musque Muscat Hamburgh Purple Constantia Red Frontignan

*White Frontignan

Not Muscats, Black Champion

*Black Hamburgh

Black Prince *Early Chasselas

Golden Hamburgh *Royal Muscadine *Trentham Black

White Sweetwater

V. FOR FORCING FOR LATE CROPS.

Muscats. Bowood Muscat Canon Hall Muscat *Muscat of Alexandria

Not Muscats. *Barbarossa

Black Damascus Kempsey Alicante

*Lady Downe's Seedling

*Trebbiano

*West's St. Peter's

The following was accidentally omitted in the alphabetical arrangement.

Frankenthal (Black Tripoli; Merrick's Victoria; Pope Hamburgh; Victoria Hamburgh). - Bunches large and heavily shouldered. Berries roundish, frequently oblate and rarely roundish-oval, sometimes hammered and scarred as in the Dutch Hamburgh. Skin thick, adhering to the flesh, deep black purple, covered with bloom. Flesh firm, and often forming a hollow cell round the seeds, juicy, sugary, sprightly and richly flavoured.

This is very frequently met with in gardens under the name of Black Hamburgh, from which it is easily distinguished by its round, frequently oblate, and hammered berries.